Same thing just happened to me, I installed a new door handle on the driver rear. I tested it, no problems. The next morning I went to get gas and it wouldn't open. The lock mechanism worked fine, interior and exterior handles all seemed to work fine while visually inspecting the latch mechanism. I worked for hours with no progress. I took it to the dealer and since I already had the door panel off, the mechanic took a look. The yellow clip that connect so to the exterior handle rod was out of adjustment. He popped it loose and we got the door open. It was most likely loosened while changing the handle. Easy fix and since I had done most of the work and got there before they opened, it was free.
I am going to try to get this mechanic some more recognition for being awesome.