Useful site:
http://www.1010tires.com/TireSizeCalculator.asp
Stock Tire - 255/45R17
vs. 235/50R17
Section Width: 10.03 in 255 mm
Section Width: 9.25 in 235 mm
Rim Diameter: 17 in 431.8 mm
Rim Diameter: 17 in 431.8 mm
Rim Width Range: 8 - 9.5 in
Rim Width Range: 6.5 - 8.5 in
Overall Diameter: 26.03 in 661.16 mm
Overall Diameter: 26.25 in 666.75 mm
Sidewall Height: 4.51 in 114.55 mm
Sidewall Height: 4.62 in 117.34 mm
Radius: 13.01 in 330.45 mm
Radius: 13.12 in 333.24 mm
Circumference: 81.77 in 2076.9 mm
Circumference: 82.46 in 2094.4 mm
Revs per Mile: 799.0
Revs per Mile: 792.3
Speedometer: 60 mph 100 km/h
Speedometer: 59.4 mph 99.1 km/h
Speedometer Difference: n/a
Speedometer Difference: 0.845% too slow
Diameter Difference: n/a
Diameter Difference: 0.84%
...so not *exactly* the same, but all in all pretty close (-0.6 MPH, +6.7 RPM). I believe that their recommendation is not to exceed OEM by 3%. As long as the manufacturer rates the tire/rim combination, you're golden (they wouldn't dare rate an unsafe combination). And I do have my tires professionally mounted (don't we all?).